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Standards of living are difficult to measure, but indicators of social development are available. A basic measure, per capita Gross Domestic Product (GDP), is the value of all goods and services produced within a region over a given time period, averaged per person. A more advanced metric, the Human Development Index (HDI), considers life expectancy, education, and Gross National Income (GNI). The three highest HDI-ranked countries are Norway, Ireland and Switzerland.

21st Century Wastewater Treatment Issues: Ballast Water and Endocrine Disruptor Chemicals (EDCs)

Jun 1, 2005 -

May 31, 2007

Research Team

Christine Kirchhoff

Jonathan W. Bulkley

Research Areas

Urban Systems and Built Environment

Water Resources

Keywords

Wastewater Treatment Systems