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Strategies to limit degradation and maximize Li-ion battery service lifetime - critical review and guidance for stakeholders

CSS Publication Number
CSS20-08
Full Publication Date
April 2020
Abstract

The relationship between battery operation and their degradation and service life is complex and not well synthesized or communicated. There is a resulting lack of awareness about best practices that influence service life and degradation. Battery degradation causes premature replacement or product retirement, resulting in environmental burdens from producing and processing new battery materials, as well as early end-of-life burdens. It also imposes a significant cost on the user, as batteries can contribute to over 25% of the product cost for consumer electronics, over 35% for electric vehicles, and over 50% for power tools. We review and present mechanisms, methods, and guidelines focused on preserving battery health and limiting degradation. The review includes academic literature as well as reports and information published by industry. The goal is to provide practical guidance, metrics, and methods to improve environmental performance of battery systems used in electronics (i.e., cellphones and laptops), vehicles, and cordless power tools to ultimately better inform users as well as battery designers, suppliers, vehicle and device manufacturers, and material recovery and recycling organizations.

Research Areas
Energy
Energy Systems
Keywords
Aging mechanism, Battery service lifetime, Capacity fade, Degradation, Lithium-ion, User behavior
Publication Type
Journal Article
Digital Object Identifier
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.est.2020.101231
Full Citation
Woody, Maxwell, Maryam Arbabzadeh, Geoffrey M. Lewis, Gregory A. Keoleian, and Anna G. Stefanopoulou. (2020) “Strategies to limit degradation and maximize Li-ion battery service lifetime - critical review and guidance for stakeholders.” Journal of Energy Storage 28(101231): 1-15.